Objective To systematically review the qualitative research on the disease experience of patients with prostate cancer,and to provide references for improving the mental health of this population and establishing a support system. Methods The databases of PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane,Embase,Cochrane Library,CNKI,VIP,Wanfang,CBM were retrieved on qualitative research about the disease experience of prostate cancer patients. The retrieval period is from the establishment of the database to April 2021. The quality of the literature was evaluated by JBI Critical Appraisal Tool for qualitative studies. Results A total of 13 studies were included,and 50 clear study results were extracted. Similar study results were summarized into 8 new categories,and 3 integrated results were synthesized：self-perception changes in symptomatic prostate cancer patients accompanied by regression,leading to impaired male self-esteem and alienation in the intimate relationship of couples;differences in coping strategies among patients with different emotional experiences,which are manifested as avoidance of surrender and post-traumatic growth;patients have unmet needs in multiple dimensions,such as poor doctor-patient communication,lack of peer support,and low social attention,and they strive to seek relevant support. Conclusion Prostate cancer patients have many aspects of disease experience in the whole disease process. Healthcare professionals tend to ignore patients’ feelings and experiences,and should pay attention to and evaluate patients’ psychological feelings from multiple perspectives in the future. They should also provide comprehensive physical and mental care from the perspective of positive psychology to improve social support and improve their quality of life.